Impact of ethanol, dry care and human milk on the time for umbilical cord separation.

OBJECTIVE To compare the extraction time and infection rate of umbilical cord by applying ethanol, humanmilk or dry care. METHOD The parallel single-blinded randomised clinical trial was performed on 300 neonates at Shahid Sadougi University of Medical Sciences and Health Service, Yazd, Iran, between March and September 2010. The neonates were divided into three random but numerically equal groups. Each group was assigned the application of ethanol or mother's milk or to keep the stump dry. The neonates were visited on the 3rd and the 7th day after birth and follow-up was maintained telephonically until umbilical separation. Umbilical separation time and umbilical local infection frequency were considered as the study outcome, which was compared among the three groups according to age, gender and delivery type of the neonates. RESULTS Umbilical separation time in neonates of the human milk group had significant difference with the ethanol group (p=0.0001) and drying groups (p = 0.003). Frequency of omphalitis had no significant difference among the three groups. CONCLUSION Topical usage of human milk on umbilical cord stamp decreased separation time and incidence rate of omphalitis.